Notes on HTTP and DNS from Various Sources
Today's objective is to review basic protocols necessary to understand for pentesters. These include Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Domain Name System (DNS). Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP): Ports 80 and 8080 HTTP is an application layer (Layer 1) protocol. It uses hyperlinking in between nodes containing text. That is, is provides the protocol necessary for exchanging or transferring hypertext. To accomplish this objective, HTTP uses a request-response method. This method works with the client-server model in that a user agent (i.e. web browser) submits an HTTP request to a web server. The server then returns the requested resources in the form of HTML files and any other component necessary for facilitating the user's request. Additionally, a response message is returned to the client that provides that status related to the request. HTTP uses status codes to provide more context about the request. These status codes are as follows: 1×× Informational 100 Cont...